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EDF Urban Wind study

With funding from EDF Carbon Descent undertook a study to research the feasibility of the use of wind power systems in an urban area such as the London Borough of Southwark. We examined the range of technologies currently available or being developed as prototypes and assessed the estimated energy yield and financial payback periods.

The report found that urban wind power has the potential to outperform other urban renewable technologies even at its very limited current development. The annual energy in 1m² of swept area facing the prevailing wind is approximately 1,315kWh/y at an average wind speed of 5m/s. The same area of ideally oriented surface in London would collect 1,100kWh/y of solar energy so the energy contents are roughly equivalent. In addition to this the best solar photovoltaic (PV) panel is around 13% efficient whereas wind turbines can achieve conversion efficiencies of 35%. However these figures are highly dependent on actual average wind speed.

The table below gives the simple payback for 4 different models of turbine using real wind speed data from the top of a tower block on the Portland Estate. This shows that paybacks below 4 years could be achieved.

Wind Turbine Model	D400	Swift	WS1000	WER.030
Electricity Produced, kWh/y	1,299	5,823	3,101	7,432
Value of Electricity, £/a	£116.95	£524.06	£279.06	£668.86
Predicted Installed Cost	£850	£2,000	£1,500	£13,500
Simple Payback, years	7.3	3.8	5.4	20

The main issues around installing wind generation technology, apart from the problems of turbulence and low wind speed, will be mounting on older properties where lime mortars were used. These mortars will not provide sufficient strength to deal with the forces exerted. However mounting on blocks of flats which are also likely to benefit from higher wind speeds could prove extremely attractive.